When the first philosopher, Thales, 600BC?, discovered natural causes, mans 300K-year dependence on coincidences was ended. The modern, statistical-mathematical method of measuring coincidences does not change this. Coincidences are not causes.
Learn some real social science (and biology wrt/ "race").
A well known model in social science is Henrich's WEIRD model, it is used to explains the evolutionary origins of modern rationalism, Enlightenment values, etc.
Medieval, pre-liberal/pre-enlightenment European culture (and the rest of the world) was conformist and collectivist, but it mutated into modern culture with agentic values ("individual achievement") with an expanding, increasingly literate/numerate, increasingly wealthy, increasingly scientifically innovative urban commoner class because of expanding river and sea trade and "market" economics. Frankish manorialism evolved with "free cities" and Hanseatic League (which in Holland gave birth to modern accounting and "capitalist" sea trade.
I don't know what definition of "socialism" was in use in the debate, or if it was coherent, but Marxism is not a traditional, medieval social form, it is a modern ideology that was supposed to fix the anxiety over loss of traditional morals and social order created by "capitalism", colonialism, imperialism and so forth. The problem is that Marxism rejected the traditional, religious concept of social order based on renunciation of evil and sin, replacing it with either nothing, or some kind of utopianism that by definition doesn't exist.
I get the sense that most europeans define "socialism" not as Marxism (in the strict sense), but as some vague opposition to the american corporate-state system (and nationalism-populism), combined with cultural leftism, postmodern pluralism, coastal cosmopolitanism, etc.
Man has a free will mind that he can either focus or evade focusing. Thus the need for philosophy as an intellectual framework that explains the cultures acceptance of parrrticular ideas and a particular use of the mind. The West started as rational in Greece, decayed into Christianity, bounced back as science, and faded into our present nihilism and return of religion.
>capitalism and socialism lie on a continuum, which makes perfect sense to me.
What continuum? And why is identifying it unimportant?
Suicide rates are largely a measure of how religious a country is. The lowest rates are all in Muslim countries, which no one would say are utopias.
When the first philosopher, Thales, 600BC?, discovered natural causes, mans 300K-year dependence on coincidences was ended. The modern, statistical-mathematical method of measuring coincidences does not change this. Coincidences are not causes.
Learn some real social science (and biology wrt/ "race").
A well known model in social science is Henrich's WEIRD model, it is used to explains the evolutionary origins of modern rationalism, Enlightenment values, etc.
Medieval, pre-liberal/pre-enlightenment European culture (and the rest of the world) was conformist and collectivist, but it mutated into modern culture with agentic values ("individual achievement") with an expanding, increasingly literate/numerate, increasingly wealthy, increasingly scientifically innovative urban commoner class because of expanding river and sea trade and "market" economics. Frankish manorialism evolved with "free cities" and Hanseatic League (which in Holland gave birth to modern accounting and "capitalist" sea trade.
I don't know what definition of "socialism" was in use in the debate, or if it was coherent, but Marxism is not a traditional, medieval social form, it is a modern ideology that was supposed to fix the anxiety over loss of traditional morals and social order created by "capitalism", colonialism, imperialism and so forth. The problem is that Marxism rejected the traditional, religious concept of social order based on renunciation of evil and sin, replacing it with either nothing, or some kind of utopianism that by definition doesn't exist.
I get the sense that most europeans define "socialism" not as Marxism (in the strict sense), but as some vague opposition to the american corporate-state system (and nationalism-populism), combined with cultural leftism, postmodern pluralism, coastal cosmopolitanism, etc.
Man has a free will mind that he can either focus or evade focusing. Thus the need for philosophy as an intellectual framework that explains the cultures acceptance of parrrticular ideas and a particular use of the mind. The West started as rational in Greece, decayed into Christianity, bounced back as science, and faded into our present nihilism and return of religion.